The first instant camera was invented in 1948 after Edwin Land's daughter questioned why she couldn't see the image right after it was taken on the camera. The Land Camera aka Model 95, was sold for $89.75 which is about $1,200 today. The camera sold nearly instantly at a Jordan Marsh department store in Boston, Mass.
During the next few decades, Polaroid expanded their inventory by adding in instant color film, a cheaper instant camera affordable to most, and a newer line of cameras and film (Polaroid 600 series). Their business idea was just too good that Kodak had to try it on their own. They however weren't successful due to Polaroid suing them for infringement on 12 different patents, which Polaroid ended up winning.
As Polaroids popularity died down, Fujifilm came in with their own models and ideas. Fuji worked with Polaroid on a deal so they could sell instant cameras without interfering with Polaroid's patents. The way they worked around this was by selling instant cameras outside of the US, leaving all of the instant camera business inside the US to Polaroid. However, once the patents expired for Polaroid, Fuji started to sell in the US.
Fuji's most recent innovative instant camera is their Instax Mini EVO. This camera is a hybrid between a digital and an instant camera. The wide selection of lens options within the camera and different filters that are offered, helped tailor to their success with the product.